Being a homeowner, you probably have an asphalt shingle roof on your home. For many years, asphalt shingles have been a popular choice for residential roofs, known for their affordability, reliability, and many other benefits. But have you ever wondered, what are asphalt shingles made of?
To help you out, in this blog post, we’ll break down the materials that make up asphalt shingles and how each part contributes to their strength and longevity. Understanding their composition can help you make better decisions about your roofing needs.
What Are Asphalt Shingles?
As one of the most popular roofing materials, asphalt shingles are made with asphalt for waterproofing and fiberglass for strength. They overlap to create a protective barrier against the elements. The surface granules help block UV rays, prevent mold and algae, and add color. Known for their low cost, durability, and easy installation, they require little maintenance. Available in 3-tab, architectural, and luxury types, they come in multiple design options for homes and businesses.
What Are Asphalt Shingles Made Of?
Now that you know what asphalt shingles are, let’s answer the main question to understand what they are made of:
#1. Fiberglass Base Mat
At the core of every shingle is the fiberglass base mat, which acts as its structural backbone. Made from fine glass fibers bonded together, it provides exceptional strength and stability. This reinforcement improves resistance to tearing, moisture, and general wear, making fiberglass mats a preferred choice over organic alternatives.
#2. Asphalt Coating
Covering the fiberglass mat is an asphalt coating that works as the primary waterproofing layer. This coating is made by oxidizing asphalt to increase its thickness and weather resistance, ensuring that asphalt roof shingles can deal with harsh conditions. A fine mineral powder is also added to improve durability. In addition to keeping moisture out, the asphalt coating also helps secure the mineral granules and reinforces the overall structure of the roof shingles.
#3. Mineral Surface Granules
The next component, mineral granules, protect asphalt shingles from UV exposure. These granules, typically made from crushed rock coated with ceramic, shield the asphalt from sun damage while adding color and aesthetic appeal to the roof. Some granules also contain copper or other additives to prevent algae and maintain the roof’s appearance over time.
#4. Sealant Strips
Helping asphalt shingles stay in place, sealant strips provide essential wind resistance. These strips, made from modified resins, are heat-activated by the sun, bonding the shingles together once installed. This added layer of security prevents wind uplift, ensuring the asphalt roof shingles remain intact even during severe weather conditions.
#5. Backdust or Release Film
The release film is a thin plastic strip found on the back of each asphalt roof shingle. It prevents the adhesive from activating too soon, keeping the shingles from sticking together before installation. This ensures they remain separate during storage and transport, making installation easier and more efficient.
How Are Asphalt Shingles Made?
Ever wondered how shingles go from raw materials to your roof? Let’s go through the manufacturing process step by step:
1. Preparing the Base Mat
The process starts with the base mat, usually made from fiberglass or organic materials. This layer provides structural support and flexibility, serving as the foundation of the shingles.
2. Saturating with Asphalt
Next, the base mat is coated with hot, oxidized asphalt, which improves its durability and resistance to weather. This step creates the asphalt roof shingles’ primary waterproofing layer.
3. Adding in Mineral Fillers
To increase strength and fire resistance, mineral fillers like limestone dust are mixed into the asphalt. These additives help the roof shingles withstand harsh environmental conditions.
4. Applying Protective Granules
Ceramic-coated granules are pressed into the asphalt while it’s still hot. These granules not only provide color but also shield the asphalt shingles from UV damage and improve impact resistance.
5. Cooling and Cutting
Once the granules are set, the material is cooled and hardened before being cut into uniform sizes and shapes, ensuring consistency in the final product.
6. Applying the Adhesive Sealant
A self-sealing adhesive strip is added to each shingle to help them bond together on the roof. This feature enhances wind resistance and prevents shingles from lifting.
7. Packaging and Distribution
After undergoing quality control checks, the finished asphalt roof shingles are bundled, packaged, and shipped to suppliers and roofing professionals.
What Are The Types Of Shingles Used In Roofing?
There are three main roof shingle types, each with different benefits.
3-Tab Shingles
These are the most affordable and simplest type of asphalt shingles. Made from a single asphalt layer, they have three evenly spaced tabs along the bottom, giving them a uniform, flat look. Their lightweight design makes them easy to install and repair, but they are less durable than other options, typically lasting around 15 to 20 years.
Architectural Shingles
Also called dimensional or laminate shingles, these are thicker and more durable than 3-tab shingles. Built with multiple layers, architectural shingles create a textured look that can resemble natural materials. These shingle roof options offer better resistance to weather and can last up to 30 years.
Luxury Shingles
These high-end asphalt roof shingles are designed to mimic premium materials like slate or cedar. Made with advanced materials, they provide superior durability and an upscale appearance. Heavier and more expensive, luxury roof shingles can last up to 50 years, making them a long-term investment for homeowners seeking quality and style.
Why Choose Asphalt Shingles?
Asphalt shingles are a top choice for homeowners for many reasons. Here’s why they’re a great option:
1. Budget-Friendly
Asphalt shingles are one of the most affordable roofing options, making them ideal for homeowners looking to save on costs. Their easy installation also helps reduce labor expenses.
2. Long-Lasting and Durable
Depending on the type and quality, asphalt shingles can last anywhere from 15 to 50 years. They also offer resistance to fire, mold, and other common types of roof damage.
3. Easy to Install and Maintain
These shingles are lightweight and simple to install, requiring minimal labor. Repairs and replacements are also easy, helping homeowners save money on long-term maintenance.
4. Resists Weather Damage
These shingles can withstand storms and strong winds, though extreme conditions may still cause damage. Many are also resistant to algae growth, keeping the roof clean and functional.
Get Quality Asphalt Shingle Installation by Buffalo’s Best Roofing Company LLC!
Understanding what asphalt shingles are made of helps you make informed roofing decisions. Each component that we have mentioned above plays a role in their durability and performance. Knowing this allows you to maintain your roof and extend its lifespan.
For quality asphalt shingle services in Buffalo, trust Buffalo’s Best Roofing Company LLC. We use the best materials to deliver reliable roofing services. Whether you need durable 3-tab shingles or high-end architectural styles, we have an option to suit your home and budget. Our skilled team ensures precise installation for long-lasting protection against tough weather. Contact us today at (716) 276-3673 and see why homeowners rely on us for asphalt shingle roofing services
FAQ
A. Asphalt shingle roofs last about 15 to 30 years, depending on the shingle type and weather conditions. 3-Tab shingles last 15 to 20 years, while architectural shingles last 20 to 30 years. Climate, maintenance, and installation quality also affect their lifespan. Warmer climates may shorten their durability, but regular upkeep helps them last longer.